{"id":9322,"date":"2025-02-05T15:37:15","date_gmt":"2025-02-05T19:37:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.histoirederawdon.ca\/?p=9322"},"modified":"2025-02-27T16:57:49","modified_gmt":"2025-02-27T20:57:49","slug":"les-origines-de-rawdon","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.histoirederawdon.ca\/en\/les-origines-de-rawdon\/","title":{"rendered":"The Origins of Rawdon"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Theme no. 1\u00a0<\/strong>of the exhibit \u201cThe Irish Presence in Rawdon, Yesterday and Today,\u201d held at the Centre d\u2019interpr\u00e9tation multiethnique de Rawdon, Saturdays and Sundays, between 2 p.m. and 4 p.m., from March 2 to 30, 2025 (except March 22).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Rawdon township was named in honour of Lord Francis Rawdon, Marquis of Hastings and Earl of Moira, an Irish Protestant, lieutenant in the British army. The township was officially created on July 13, 1799, by the colonial government of Lower Canada.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Lord Francis Rawdon Hastings \u2013 Source: Royal Collection Trust, United Kingdom<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Lord Francis Rawdon, Marquis of Hastings and Earl of Moira, was born in Dublin on December 7, 1754. An Irish Protestant, Lord Rawdon was made a lieutenant in the British army and fought against the Americans during the American War of Independence (1775-1783). He returned to Great Britain in 1781, without setting foot in Lower Canada. However, his feats of arms earned him a great honour in 1799: the new township of Rawdon was named after him.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Conditions of ownership<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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To become a landowner in Rawdon township, a settler first had to obtain a Ticket of Location, clear a four-acre portion of their lot and build a house on it.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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In 1763, the cession of New France to England changed the way land was granted: the seigneurial system was replaced by the British township system. After the Constitutional Act of 1791, Crown lands were granted as private property. Any settler who first obtained a Ticket of Location was required to clear a four-acre parcel per lot and build a house. Once these conditions had been met, the new occupant could consider becoming the owner of the land, through the issuance of letters patent by the government.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Settling the area<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Settlers, mainly Irish Protestants and Catholics, began establishing themselves in Rawdon township in 1820.<\/p>

Rawdon township was officially created on July 13, 1799, by the colonial government of Lower Canada. It was the ninth township in Lower Canada, but only the third north of the St. Lawrence River, after Stoneham (1792) and Huddersfield (1793).<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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In Quebec, the history of Irish immigrants is often linked to that of the Great Potato Famine (1845-1852). This tragedy forced over a million Irish into exile, several hundred thousand of whom passed through the quarantine station at Grosse-\u00cele, and on to Qu\u00e9bec City, Montr\u00e9al and Ottawa.<\/p>

Ranges 1 and 2 were the first to be inhabited. Tickets of Location were granted mainly to Irish Protestants and Catholics. These pioneer families arrived in Rawdon in the hope of building a better future for themselves. In practice, Rawdon was founded by the Irish, who cleared the land through perseverance, sweat and hard work.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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George Parkinson\u2019s Ticket of Location \u2013 Source: Library and Archives Canada<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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Diagram of the township of Rawdon (1804) \/ Samuel Holland \u2013 Source: Government of Quebec<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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The settlement of Rawdon by Irish Protestants and Catholics sheds new light on Irish immigration to Quebec. It shows a different but equally important facet: that of voluntary immigration, which preceded that of the Great Irish Famine.<\/p>

Other people also obtained lots in the township. Loyalists and British military families were in fact the first to receive land in Rawdon as early as 1799, but they did not settle there. Also noteworthy was the singular case of Philemon Dugas, of Acadian origin but an American-born Protestant, who built a sawmill in Range 1 of the township before 1820.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Map of the township of Rawdon (1821) \/ Surveyor: Joseph Bouchette Jr.<\/figcaption>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/figure>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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The newly opened lands were also cleared by Indigenous people, who were also part of the migratory movement in the early 19e<\/sup> century. While the region had been travelled for centuries by the nomadic Algonquin nations, to whom we owe the well-known names of Matawinie, Lacquarreau (now Ouareau) or Achigan, a few Maliseet families from New Brunswick immigrated to the township, alongside the Irish. The story of Michel Nicolas's Maliseet family, who settled in Rawdon as early as the 1830s, bears witness to this.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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Th\u00e8me\u00a0n\u00b0\u00a01\u00a0de l\u2019exposition \u00ab\u00a0La pr\u00e9sence irlandaise \u00e0 Rawdon d\u2019hier \u00e0 aujourd’hui\u00a0\u00bb, tenue au Centre d\u2019interpr\u00e9tation multiethnique de Rawdon, les samedis et dimanches, de 14\u00a0h \u00e0 16\u00a0h, du 2\u00a0au 30\u00a0mars\u00a02025 (\u00e0 l\u2019exception du\u00a022). Le canton de Rawdon a \u00e9t\u00e9 nomm\u00e9 en l\u2019honneur d\u2019un Irlandais protestant et lieutenant de l\u2019arm\u00e9e britannique, Lord Francis Rawdon, marquis de Hastings et […]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ocean_post_layout":"","ocean_both_sidebars_style":"","ocean_both_sidebars_content_width":0,"ocean_both_sidebars_sidebars_width":0,"ocean_sidebar":"","ocean_second_sidebar":"","ocean_disable_margins":"enable","ocean_add_body_class":"","ocean_shortcode_before_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_after_top_bar":"","ocean_shortcode_before_header":"","ocean_shortcode_after_header":"","ocean_has_shortcode":"","ocean_shortcode_after_title":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_widgets":"","ocean_shortcode_before_footer_bottom":"","ocean_shortcode_after_footer_bottom":"","ocean_display_top_bar":"default","ocean_display_header":"default","ocean_header_style":"","ocean_center_header_left_menu":"","ocean_custom_header_template":"","ocean_custom_logo":0,"ocean_custom_retina_logo":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_width":0,"ocean_custom_logo_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_tablet_max_height":0,"ocean_custom_logo_mobile_max_height":0,"ocean_header_custom_menu":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_family":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_subset":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_size":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_font_size_unit":"px","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_font_weight_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_tablet":"","ocean_menu_typo_transform_mobile":"","ocean_menu_typo_line_height":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_line_height_unit":"","ocean_menu_typo_spacing":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_tablet":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_mobile":0,"ocean_menu_typo_spacing_unit":"","ocean_menu_link_color":"","ocean_menu_link_color_hover":"","ocean_menu_link_color_active":"","ocean_menu_link_background":"","ocean_menu_link_hover_background":"","ocean_menu_link_active_background":"","ocean_menu_social_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_bg":"","ocean_menu_social_links_color":"","ocean_menu_social_hover_links_color":"","ocean_disable_title":"default","ocean_disable_heading":"default","ocean_post_title":"","ocean_post_subheading":"","ocean_post_title_style":"","ocean_post_title_background_color":"","ocean_post_title_background":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_image_position":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_attachment":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_repeat":"","ocean_post_title_bg_image_size":"","ocean_post_title_height":0,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay":0.5,"ocean_post_title_bg_overlay_color":"","ocean_disable_breadcrumbs":"default","ocean_breadcrumbs_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_separator_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_color":"","ocean_breadcrumbs_links_hover_color":"","ocean_display_footer_widgets":"default","ocean_display_footer_bottom":"default","ocean_custom_footer_template":"","_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"ocean_post_oembed":"","ocean_post_self_hosted_media":"","ocean_post_video_embed":"","ocean_link_format":"","ocean_link_format_target":"self","ocean_quote_format":"","ocean_quote_format_link":"post","ocean_gallery_link_images":"on","ocean_gallery_id":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[28],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9322","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-les-irlandais","entry"],"yoast_head":"\nLes origines de Rawdon - Histoire de Rawdon<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.histoirederawdon.ca\/en\/les-origines-de-rawdon\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Les origines de Rawdon - Histoire de Rawdon\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Th\u00e8me\u00a0n\u00b0\u00a01\u00a0de l\u2019exposition \u00ab\u00a0La pr\u00e9sence irlandaise \u00e0 Rawdon d\u2019hier \u00e0 aujourd’hui\u00a0\u00bb, tenue au Centre d\u2019interpr\u00e9tation multiethnique de Rawdon, les samedis et dimanches, de 14\u00a0h \u00e0 16\u00a0h, du 2\u00a0au 30\u00a0mars\u00a02025 (\u00e0 l\u2019exception du\u00a022). 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